Etika Gupta

The Hierarchy of Courts in India: A Quick Overview. India’s judicial system is structured in a hierarchical manner to ensure that legal matters are addressed efficiently. At the foundational level, we have Lower or Subordinate Courts, which are divided into three categories. Civil Courts deal with disputes related to property, contracts, and personal matters. Sessions […]

Understanding Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) in India: A Guiding Light for Governance The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), enshrined in Part IV of the Indian Constitution, serve as an essential guiding force for shaping the policies and governance of India. While non-justiciable (not enforceable by courts), these principles aim to create a […]

Understanding Free Consent: A Cornerstone of Valid Contracts Section 10 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 defines a contract as an agreement enforceable by law. One of the essential elements of a valid contract is free consent of the parties involved. Without free consent, an agreement cannot be considered a valid contract. Free Consent: Definition […]

Understanding Section 2 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 Contracts form the backbone of business and legal relationships. But have you ever wondered how the Indian Contract Act defines a contract? Let’s simplify Section 2 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, with relatable examples:- 1. Proposal (Offer)-(Section 2(a) When one person expresses a willingness to […]

Empower Yourself with the Right to Information (RTI) Act Transparency and accountability are the cornerstones of good governance. The Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005, empowers every Indian citizen to access information from public authorities, ensuring a brighter, more transparent future. Why RTI Matters: Access to Information: Seek answers from public authorities within 30 days. […]

Understanding the Backbone of Business: Contract Law Contracts are the foundation of every successful business relationship. Whether it’s a handshake deal or a meticulously drafted document, understanding the principles of Contract Law is essential. Here are the key features that make a contract enforceable: Offer and Acceptance: One party proposes, the other agrees — the […]

Recent Updates in the RoDTEP Scheme: Key Changes Exporters Need to Know The Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP) scheme has undergone several significant updates to enhance its effectiveness and align with current trade policies. Key recent changes include: 1. Extension of the RoDTEP Scheme: The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) […]

Furnishing Belated/Revised ITR for AY 2024-25 Extended The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has extended the deadline for furnishing belated and revised Income Tax Returns (ITRs) for the Assessment Year 2024-25 to 15th January 2025. What Does This Mean for Taxpayers? 1. Belated Returns: Taxpayers who missed the original deadline now have extra time […]

Income Tax Portal Update: File Rectification Applications Directly with the AO under Section 154 Tax compliance in India has taken a progressive step forward with a new feature introduced on the Income Tax Portal. Taxpayers can now file rectification applications under Section 154 directly with the Assessing Officer (AO) for their assessment orders. This innovation […]

GSTR-9C is a vital compliance document under the Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime in India. It serves as a reconciliation statement between the annual GST return (GSTR-9) and the taxpayer’s audited financial statements. Certified by a Chartered Accountant (CA) or Cost Accountant, this form ensures transparency and accuracy in GST reporting. Understanding GSTR-9C: A […]